Encyclopedia | Nutrizzia

Vitamins are organic compounds that people need in small quantities. Most vitamins need to come from food because the body either does not produce them or produces very little.Having too little of any particular vitamin may increase the risk of developing certain health issues.

Vitamins are generally classified as either fat soluble or water soluble. Fat-soluble vitamins (vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, and vitamin K) dissolve in fat and tend to accumulate in the body. Water-soluble vitamins, they are 9 (vitamin C and the B-complex vitamins) must dissolve in water before they can be absorbed by the body, and therefore cannot be stored. Any water-soluble vitamins unused by the body is primarily lost through urine.

You should be able to get most of the vitamins you need by eating a varied and balanced diet.If you take a supplement follow nutritent reference values.

Minerals are inorganic elements. We need larger amounts of macrominerals (magnesium, calcium, potassium, chloride, phosphorus, sodium and sulfur). We only need small amounts of trace minerals (iron, iodine, zinc, selenium, manganese, copper, fluoride and cobalt).

Minerals are important for the body to stay healthy. Your body uses minerals for many different jobs, including keeping your heart, bones, muscles and brain working properly. Minerals are also important for making enzymes and hormones.

You should be able to get most of the minerals you need by eating a varied and balanced diet.If you take a supplement follow nutritent reference values.

Vitamin A (Retinol)

• Is helping your body's natural defence against illness and infection (the immune system)
• helping vision in dim light
• keeping skin and the lining of some parts of the body, such as the nose, healthy

Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)

• the body break down and release energy from food
• keep the nervous system healthy

Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)

• keep skin, eyes and the nervous system healthy
• the body release energy from food

Vitamin B3 (Niacin)

• the body release energy from food
• keep the nervous system and skin healthy

Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic acid)

Pantothenic acid has several functions, such as helping the body to release energy from food.

Vitamin B6

• the body to use and store energy from protein and carbohydrates in food
• the body form haemoglobin, the substance in red blood cells that carries oxygen around the body

Vitamin B7 (Biotin)

Biotin is needed in very small amounts to help the body make fatty acids.

Vitamin B9 (Folate and folic acid)

• the body form healthy red blood cells
• reduce the risk of birth defects called neural tube defects, such as spina bifida, in unborn babies

Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)

• make red blood cells and keeping the nervous system healthy
• release energy from food
• use folate

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid)

• helping to protect cells and keeping them healthy
• maintaining healthy skin, blood vessels, bones and cartilage
• helping with wound healing

Vitamin D

Vitamin D helps regulate the amount of calcium and phosphate in the body.
These nutrients are needed to keep bones, teeth and muscles healthy.

Vitamin E

Vitamin E is a group of compounds found in a wide variety of foods.

Vitamin K

Vitamin K is a group of vitamins that the body needs for blood clotting, helping wounds to heal and may help keep bones healthy.

Calcium

• helping build bones and keep teeth healthy
• regulating muscle contractions, including your heartbeat
• making sure blood clots normally

Iodine

Iodine helps make thyroid hormones, which help keep cells and the metabolic rate (the speed at which chemical reactions take place in the body) healthy.

Iron

Iron is important in making red blood cells, which carry oxygen around the body.

Magnesium

• turn the food we eat into energy
• make sure the parathyroid glands, which produce hormones important for bone health, work normally

Selenium

Selenium helps the immune system work properly, as well as in reproduction. It also helps prevent damage to cells and tissues.

Zink

• making new cells and enzymes
• processing carbohydrate, fat and protein in food
• wound healing

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